is->escape( $v );
				else
					$data[$k] = $this->_weak_escape( $v );
			}
		} else {
			$data = $this->_weak_escape( $data );
		}

		return $data;
	}

	/**
	 * Escapes content by reference for insertion into the database, for security
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 *
	 * @param string $s
	 */
	function escape_by_ref(&$string) {
		$string = $this->_real_escape( $string );
	}

	/**
	 * Prepares a SQL query for safe execution.  Uses sprintf()-like syntax.
	 *
	 * This function only supports a small subset of the sprintf syntax; it only supports %d (decimal number), %s (string).
	 * Does not support sign, padding, alignment, width or precision specifiers.
	 * Does not support argument numbering/swapping.
	 *
	 * May be called like {@link http://php.net/sprintf sprintf()} or like {@link http://php.net/vsprintf vsprintf()}.
	 *
	 * Both %d and %s should be left unquoted in the query string.
	 *
	 * <code>
	 * wpdb::prepare( "SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = %s AND `field` = %d", "foo", 1337 )
	 * </code>
	 *
	 * @link http://php.net/sprintf Description of syntax.
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 *
	 * @param string $query Query statement with sprintf()-like placeholders
	 * @param array|mixed $args The array of variables to substitute into the query's placeholders if being called like {@link http://php.net/vsprintf vsprintf()}, or the first variable to substitute into the query's placeholders if being called like {@link http://php.net/sprintf sprintf()}.
	 * @param mixed $args,... further variables to substitute into the query's placeholders if being called like {@link http://php.net/sprintf sprintf()}.
	 * @return null|string Sanitized query string
	 */
	function prepare($query = null) { // ( $query, *$args )
		if ( is_null( $query ) )
			return;
		$args = func_get_args();
		array_shift($args);
		// If args were passed as an array (as in vsprintf), move them up
		if ( isset($args[0]) && is_array($args[0]) )
			$args = $args[0];
		$query = str_replace("'%s'", '%s', $query); // in case someone mistakenly already singlequoted it
		$query = str_replace('"%s"', '%s', $query); // doublequote unquoting
		$query = str_replace('%s', "'%s'", $query); // quote the strings
		array_walk($args, array(&$this, 'escape_by_ref'));
		return @vsprintf($query, $args);
	}

	/**
	 * Print SQL/DB error.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @global array $EZSQL_ERROR Stores error information of query and error string
	 *
	 * @param string $str The error to display
	 * @return bool False if the showing of errors is disabled.
	 */
	function print_error($str = '') {
		global $EZSQL_ERROR;

		if (!$str) $str = mysql_error($this->dbh);
		$EZSQL_ERROR[] = array ('query' => $this->last_query, 'error_str' => $str);

		if ( $this->suppress_errors )
			return false;

		if ( $caller = $this->get_caller() )
			$error_str = sprintf(/*WP_I18N_DB_QUERY_ERROR_FULL*/'WordPress database error %1$s for query %2$s made by %3$s'/*/WP_I18N_DB_QUERY_ERROR_FULL*/, $str, $this->last_query, $caller);
		else
			$error_str = sprintf(/*WP_I18N_DB_QUERY_ERROR*/'WordPress database error %1$s for query %2$s'/*/WP_I18N_DB_QUERY_ERROR*/, $str, $this->last_query);

		$log_error = true;
		if ( ! function_exists('error_log') )
			$log_error = false;

		$log_file = @ini_get('error_log');
		if ( !empty($log_file) && ('syslog' != $log_file) && !@is_writable($log_file) )
			$log_error = false;

		if ( $log_error )
			@error_log($error_str, 0);

		// Is error output turned on or not..
		if ( !$this->show_errors )
			return false;

		$str = htmlspecialchars($str, ENT_QUOTES);
		$query = htmlspecialchars($this->last_query, ENT_QUOTES);

		// If there is an error then take note of it
		print "<div id='error'>
		<p class='wpdberror'><strong>WordPress database error:</strong> [$str]<br />
		<code>$query</code></p>
		</div>";
	}

	/**
	 * Enables showing of database errors.
	 *
	 * This function should be used only to enable showing of errors.
	 * wpdb::hide_errors() should be used instead for hiding of errors. However,
	 * this function can be used to enable and disable showing of database
	 * errors.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param bool $show Whether to show or hide errors
	 * @return bool Old value for showing errors.
	 */
	function show_errors( $show = true ) {
		$errors = $this->show_errors;
		$this->show_errors = $show;
		return $errors;
	}

	/**
	 * Disables showing of database errors.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @return bool Whether showing of errors was active or not
	 */
	function hide_errors() {
		$show = $this->show_errors;
		$this->show_errors = false;
		return $show;
	}

	/**
	 * Whether to suppress database errors.
	 *
	 * @param unknown_type $suppress
	 * @return unknown
	 */
	function suppress_errors( $suppress = true ) {
		$errors = $this->suppress_errors;
		$this->suppress_errors = $suppress;
		return $errors;
	}

	/**
	 * Kill cached query results.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 */
	function flush() {
		$this->last_result = array();
		$this->col_info = null;
		$this->last_query = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Perform a MySQL database query, using current database connection.
	 *
	 * More information can be found on the codex page.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string $query
	 * @return int|false Number of rows affected/selected or false on error
	 */
	function query($query) {
		if ( ! $this->ready )
			return false;

		// filter the query, if filters are available
		// NOTE: some queries are made before the plugins have been loaded, and thus cannot be filtered with this method
		if ( function_exists('apply_filters') )
			$query = apply_filters('query', $query);

		// initialise return
		$return_val = 0;
		$this->flush();

		// Log how the function was called
		$this->func_call = "\$db->query(\"$query\")";

		// Keep track of the last query for debug..
		$this->last_query = $query;

		// Perform the query via std mysql_query function..
		if ( defined('SAVEQUERIES') && SAVEQUERIES )
			$this->timer_start();

		$this->result = @mysql_query($query, $this->dbh);
		++$this->num_queries;

		if ( defined('SAVEQUERIES') && SAVEQUERIES )
			$this->queries[] = array( $query, $this->timer_stop(), $this->get_caller() );

		// If there is an error then take note of it..
		if ( $this->last_error = mysql_error($this->dbh) ) {
			$this->print_error();
			return false;
		}

		if ( preg_match("/^\\s*(insert|delete|update|replace|alter) /i",$query) ) {
			$this->rows_affected = mysql_affected_rows($this->dbh);
			// Take note of the insert_id
			if ( preg_match("/^\\s*(insert|replace) /i",$query) ) {
				$this->insert_id = mysql_insert_id($this->dbh);
			}
			// Return number of rows affected
			$return_val = $this->rows_affected;
		} else {
			$i = 0;
			while ($i < @mysql_num_fields($this->result)) {
				$this->col_info[$i] = @mysql_fetch_field($this->result);
				$i++;
			}
			$num_rows = 0;
			while ( $row = @mysql_fetch_object($this->result) ) {
				$this->last_result[$num_rows] = $row;
				$num_rows++;
			}

			@mysql_free_result($this->result);

			// Log number of rows the query returned
			$this->num_rows = $num_rows;

			// Return number of rows selected
			$return_val = $this->num_rows;
		}

		return $return_val;
	}

	/**
	 * Insert a row into a table.
	 *
	 * <code>
	 * wpdb::insert( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 1337 ), array( '%s', '%d' ) )
	 * </code>
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @see wpdb::prepare()
	 *
	 * @param string $table table name
	 * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs).  Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped).
	 * @param array|string $format (optional) An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in $data.  If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data.  A format is one of '%d', '%s' (decimal number, string).  If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings.
	 * @return int|false The number of rows inserted, or false on error.
	 */
	function insert($table, $data, $format = null) {
		$formats = $format = (array) $format;
		$fields = array_keys($data);
		$formatted_fields = array();
		foreach ( $fields as $field ) {
			if ( !empty($format) )
				$form = ( $form = array_shift($formats) ) ? $form : $format[0];
			elseif ( isset($this->field_types[$field]) )
				$form = $this->field_types[$field];
			else
				$form = '%s';
			$formatted_fields[] = $form;
		}
		$sql = "INSERT INTO `$table` (`" . implode( '`,`', $fields ) . "`) VALUES ('" . implode( "','", $formatted_fields ) . "')";
		return $this->query( $this->prepare( $sql, $data) );
	}


	/**
	 * Update a row in the table
	 *
	 * <code>
	 * wpdb::update( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 1337 ), array( 'ID' => 1 ), array( '%s', '%d' ), array( '%d' ) )
	 * </code>
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @see wpdb::prepare()
	 *
	 * @param string $table table name
	 * @param array $data Data to update (in column => value pairs).  Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped).
	 * @param array $where A named array of WHERE clauses (in column => value pairs).  Multiple clauses will be joined with ANDs.  Both $where columns and $where values should be "raw".
	 * @param array|string $format (optional) An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $data.  If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data.  A format is one of '%d', '%s' (decimal number, string).  If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings.
	 * @param array|string $format_where (optional) An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $where.  If string, that format will be used for all of  the items in $where.  A format is one of '%d', '%s' (decimal number, string).  If omitted, all values in $where will be treated as strings.
	 * @return int|false The number of rows updated, or false on error.
	 */
	function update($table, $data, $where, $format = null, $where_format = null) {
		if ( !is_array( $where ) )
			return false;

		$formats = $format = (array) $format;
		$bits = $wheres = array();
		foreach ( (array) array_keys($data) as $field ) {
			if ( !empty($format) )
				$form = ( $form = array_shift($formats) ) ? $form : $format[0];
			elseif ( isset($this->field_types[$field]) )
				$form = $this->field_types[$field];
			else
				$form = '%s';
			$bits[] = "`$field` = {$form}";
		}

		$where_formats = $where_format = (array) $where_format;
		foreach ( (array) array_keys($where) as $field ) {
			if ( !empty($where_format) )
				$form = ( $form = array_shift($where_formats) ) ? $form : $where_format[0];
			elseif ( isset($this->field_types[$field]) )
				$form = $this->field_types[$field];
			else
				$form = '%s';
			$wheres[] = "`$field` = {$form}";
		}

		$sql = "UPDATE `$table` SET " . implode( ', ', $bits ) . ' WHERE ' . implode( ' AND ', $wheres );
		return $this->query( $this->prepare( $sql, array_merge(array_values($data), array_values($where))) );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve one variable from the database.
	 *
	 * Executes a SQL query and returns the value from the SQL result.
	 * If the SQL result contains more than one column and/or more than one row, this function returns the value in the column and row specified.
	 * If $query is null, this function returns the value in the specified column and row from the previous SQL result.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string|null $query SQL query.  If null, use the result from the previous query.
	 * @param int $x (optional) Column of value to return.  Indexed from 0.
	 * @param int $y (optional) Row of value to return.  Indexed from 0.
	 * @return string Database query result
	 */
	function get_var($query=null, $x = 0, $y = 0) {
		$this->func_call = "\$db->get_var(\"$query\",$x,$y)";
		if ( $query )
			$this->query($query);

		// Extract var out of cached results based x,y vals
		if ( !empty( $this->last_result[$y] ) ) {
			$values = array_values(get_object_vars($this->last_result[$y]));
		}

		// If there is a value return it else return null
		return (isset($values[$x]) && $values[$x]!=='') ? $values[$x] : null;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve one row from the database.
	 *
	 * Executes a SQL query and returns the row from the SQL result.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string|null $query SQL query.
	 * @param string $output (optional) one of ARRAY_A | ARRAY_N | OBJECT constants.  Return an associative array (column => value, ...), a numerically indexed array (0 => value, ...) or an object ( ->column = value ), respectively.
	 * @param int $y (optional) Row to return.  Indexed from 0.
	 * @return mixed Database query result in format specifed by $output
	 */
	function get_row($query = null, $output = OBJECT, $y = 0) {
		$this->func_call = "\$db->get_row(\"$query\",$output,$y)";
		if ( $query )
			$this->query($query);
		else
			return null;

		if ( !isset($this->last_result[$y]) )
			return null;

		if ( $output == OBJECT ) {
			return $this->last_result[$y] ? $this->last_result[$y] : null;
		} elseif ( $output == ARRAY_A ) {
			return $this->last_result[$y] ? get_object_vars($this->last_result[$y]) : null;
		} elseif ( $output == ARRAY_N ) {
			return $this->last_result[$y] ? array_values(get_object_vars($this->last_result[$y])) : null;
		} else {
			$this->print_error(/*WP_I18N_DB_GETROW_ERROR*/" \$db->get_row(string query, output type, int offset) -- Output type must be one of: OBJECT, ARRAY_A, ARRAY_N"/*/WP_I18N_DB_GETROW_ERROR*/);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve one column from the database.
	 *
	 * Executes a SQL query and returns the column from the SQL result.
	 * If the SQL result contains more than one column, this function returns the column specified.
	 * If $query is null, this function returns the specified column from the previous SQL result.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string|null $query SQL query.  If null, use the result from the previous query.
	 * @param int $x Column to return.  Indexed from 0.
	 * @return array Database query result.  Array indexed from 0 by SQL result row number.
	 */
	function get_col($query = null , $x = 0) {
		if ( $query )
			$this->query($query);

		$new_array = array();
		// Extract the column values
		for ( $i=0; $i < count($this->last_result); $i++ ) {
			$new_array[$i] = $this->get_var(null, $x, $i);
		}
		return $new_array;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve an entire SQL result set from the database (i.e., many rows)
	 *
	 * Executes a SQL query and returns the entire SQL result.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string $query SQL query.
	 * @param string $output (optional) ane of ARRAY_A | ARRAY_N | OBJECT | OBJECT_K constants.  With one of the first three, return an array of rows indexed from 0 by SQL result row number.  Each row is an associative array (column => value, ...), a numerically indexed array (0 => value, ...), or an object. ( ->column = value ), respectively.  With OBJECT_K, return an associative array of row objects keyed by the value of each row's first column's value.  Duplicate keys are discarded.
	 * @return mixed Database query results
	 */
	function get_results($query = null, $output = OBJECT) {
		$this->func_call = "\$db->get_results(\"$query\", $output)";

		if ( $query )
			$this->query($query);
		else
			return null;

		if ( $output == OBJECT ) {
			// Return an integer-keyed array of row objects
			return $this->last_result;
		} elseif ( $output == OBJECT_K ) {
			// Return an array of row objects with keys from column 1
			// (Duplicates are discarded)
			foreach ( $this->last_result as $row ) {
				$key = array_shift( get_object_vars( $row ) );
				if ( !isset( $new_array[ $key ] ) )
					$new_array[ $key ] = $row;
			}
			return $new_array;
		} elseif ( $output == ARRAY_A || $output == ARRAY_N ) {
			// Return an integer-keyed array of...
			if ( $this->last_result ) {
				$i = 0;
				foreach( (array) $this->last_result as $row ) {
					if ( $output == ARRAY_N ) {
						// ...integer-keyed row arrays
						$new_array[$i] = array_values( get_object_vars( $row ) );
					} else {
						// ...column name-keyed row arrays
						$new_array[$i] = get_object_vars( $row );
					}
					++$i;
				}
				return $new_array;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve column metadata from the last query.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string $info_type one of name, table, def, max_length, not_null, primary_key, multiple_key, unique_key, numeric, blob, type, unsigned, zerofill
	 * @param int $col_offset 0: col name. 1: which table the col's in. 2: col's max length. 3: if the col is numeric. 4: col's type
	 * @return mixed Column Results
	 */
	function get_col_info($info_type = 'name', $col_offset = -1) {
		if ( $this->col_info ) {
			if ( $col_offset == -1 ) {
				$i = 0;
				foreach( (array) $this->col_info as $col ) {
					$new_array[$i] = $col->{$info_type};
					$i++;
				}
				return $new_array;
			} else {
				return $this->col_info[$col_offset]->{$info_type};
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Starts the timer, for debugging purposes.
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 *
	 * @return true
	 */
	function timer_start() {
		$mtime = microtime();
		$mtime = explode(' ', $mtime);
		$this->time_start = $mtime[1] + $mtime[0];
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Stops the debugging timer.
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 *
	 * @return int Total time spent on the query, in milliseconds
	 */
	function timer_stop() {
		$mtime = microtime();
		$mtime = explode(' ', $mtime);
		$time_end = $mtime[1] + $mtime[0];
		$time_total = $time_end - $this->time_start;
		return $time_total;
	}

	/**
	 * Wraps errors in a nice header and footer and dies.
	 *
	 * Will not die if wpdb::$show_errors is true
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $message
	 * @return false|void
	 */
	function bail($message) {
		if ( !$this->show_errors ) {
			if ( class_exists('WP_Error') )
				$this->error = new WP_Error('500', $message);
			else
				$this->error = $message;
			return false;
		}
		wp_die($message);
	}

	/**
	 * Whether or not MySQL database is at least the required minimum version.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @uses $wp_version
	 *
	 * @return WP_Error
	 */
	function check_database_version()
	{
		global $wp_version;
		// Make sure the server has MySQL 4.0
		if ( version_compare($this->db_version(), '4.0.0', '<') )
			return new WP_Error('database_version',sprintf(__('<strong>ERROR</strong>: WordPress %s requires MySQL 4.0.0 or higher'), $wp_version));
	}

	/**
	 * Whether of not the database supports collation.
	 *
	 * Called when WordPress is generating the table scheme.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 *
	 * @return bool True if collation is supported, false if version does not
	 */
	function supports_collation()
	{
		return $this->has_cap( 'collation' );
	}

	/**
	 * Generic function to determine if a database supports a particular feature
	 * @param string $db_cap the feature
	 * @param false|string|resource $dbh_or_table (not implemented) Which database to test.  False = the currently selected database, string = the database containing the specified table, resource = the database corresponding to the specified mysql resource.
	 * @return bool
	 */
	function has_cap( $db_cap ) {
		$version = $this->db_version();

		switch ( strtolower( $db_cap ) ) :
		case 'collation' :    // @since 2.5.0
		case 'group_concat' : // @since 2.7
		case 'subqueries' :   // @since 2.7
			return version_compare($version, '4.1', '>=');
			break;
		endswitch;

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the name of the function that called wpdb.
	 *
	 * Requires PHP 4.3 and searches up the list of functions until it reaches
	 * the one that would most logically had called this method.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 *
	 * @return string The name of the calling function
	 */
	function get_caller() {
		// requires PHP 4.3+
		if ( !is_callable('debug_backtrace') )
			return '';

		$bt = debug_backtrace();
		$caller = array();

		$bt = array_reverse( $bt );
		foreach ( (array) $bt as $call ) {
			if ( @$call['class'] == __CLASS__ )
				continue;
			$function = $call['function'];
			if ( isset( $call['class'] ) )
				$function = $call['class'] . "->$function";
			$caller[] = $function;
		}
		$caller = join( ', ', $caller );

		return $caller;
	}

	/**
	 * The database version number
	 * @param false|string|resource $dbh_or_table (not implemented) Which database to test.  False = the currently selected database, string = the database containing the specified table, resource = the database corresponding to the specified mysql resource.
	 * @return false|string false on failure, version number on success
	 */
	function db_version() {
		return preg_replace('/[^0-9.].*/', '', mysql_get_server_info( $this->dbh ));
	}
}

if ( ! isset($wpdb) ) {
	/**
	 * WordPress Database Object, if it isn't set already in wp-content/db.php
	 * @global object $wpdb Creates a new wpdb object based on wp-config.php Constants for the database
	 * @since 0.71
	 */
	$wpdb = new wpdb(DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME, DB_HOST);
}
?>
		echo "</pre>";
		}
	}

	/**
	 * PHP4 constructor; Calls PHP 5 style constructor
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 *
	 * @return WP_Object_Cache
	 */
	function WP_Object_Cache() {
		return $this->__construct();
	}

	/**
	 * Sets up object properties; PHP 5 style constructor
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.8
	 * @return null|WP_Object_Cache If cache is disabled, returns null.
	 */
	function __construct() {
		/**
		 * @todo This should be moved to the PHP4 style constructor, PHP5
		 * already calls __destruct()
		 */
		register_shutdown_function(array(&$this, "__destruct"));
	}

	/**
	 * Will save the object cache before object is completely destroyed.
	 *
	 * Called upon object destruction, which should be when PHP ends.
	 *
	 * @since  2.0.8
	 *
	 * @return bool True value. Won't be used by PHP
	 */
	function __destruct() {
		return true;
	}
}
?>
<br />
<b>Parse error</b>:  parse error, unexpected T_ENDIF in <b>/home/bee/public_html/karper-crain/courses/eng231/wp-includes/functions.php</b> on line <b>2685</b><br />
ed_links_extra', 3);
add_action('wp_head', 'rsd_link');
add_action('wp_head', 'wlwmanifest_link');
add_action('wp_head', 'index_rel_link');
add_action('wp_head', 'parent_post_rel_link', 10, 0);
add_action('wp_head', 'start_post_rel_link', 10, 0);
add_action('wp_head', 'adjacent_posts_rel_link', 10, 0);
add_action('wp_head', 'locale_stylesheet');
add_action('publish_future_post', 'check_and_publish_future_post', 10, 1);
add_action('wp_head', 'noindex', 1);
add_action('wp_head', 'wp_print_styles', 8);
add_action('wp_head', 'wp_print_head_scripts', 9);
add_action('wp_head', 'wp_generator');
add_action('wp_footer', 'wp_print_footer_scripts');
if(!defined('DOING_CRON'))
	add_action('sanitize_comment_cookies', 'wp_cron');
add_action('do_feed_rdf', 'do_feed_rdf', 10, 1);
add_action('do_feed_rss', 'do_feed_rss', 10, 1);
add_action('do_feed_rss2', 'do_feed_rss2', 10, 1);
add_action('do_feed_atom', 'do_feed_atom', 10, 1);
add_action('do_pings', 'do_all_pings', 10, 1);
add_action('do_robots', 'do_robots');
add_action('sanitize_comment_cookies', 'sanitize_comment_cookies');
add_action('admin_print_scripts', 'print_head_scripts', 20);
add_action('admin_print_footer_scripts', 'print_footer_scripts', 20);
add_action('admin_print_styles', 'print_admin_styles', 20);
add_action('init', 'smilies_init', 5);
add_action( 'plugins_loaded', 'wp_maybe_load_widgets', 0 );
add_action( 'shutdown', 'wp_ob_end_flush_all', 1);
add_action( 'pre_post_update', 'wp_save_post_revision' );
add_action('publish_post', '_publish_post_hook', 5, 1);
add_action('future_post', '_future_post_hook', 5, 2);
add_action('future_page', '_future_post_hook', 5, 2);
add_action('save_post', '_save_post_hook', 5, 2);
add_action('transition_post_status', '_transition_post_status', 5, 3);
add_action('comment_form', 'wp_comment_form_unfiltered_html_nonce');
// Redirect Old Slugs
add_action('template_redirect', 'wp_old_slug_redirect');
add_action('edit_post', 'wp_check_for_changed_slugs');
add_action('edit_form_advanced', 'wp_remember_old_slug');
add_action('init', '_show_post_preview');

add_filter('pre_option_gmt_offset','wp_timezone_override_offset');

?>
e not role names and assign to $this->roles
		if ( is_array( $this->caps ) )
			$this->roles = array_filter( array_keys( $this->caps ), array( &$wp_roles, 'is_role' ) );

		//Build $allcaps from role caps, overlay user's $caps
		$this->allcaps = array();
		foreach ( (array) $this->roles as $role ) {
			$role =& $wp_roles->get_role( $role );
			$this->allcaps = array_merge( (array) $this->allcaps, (array) $role->capabilities );
		}
		$this->allcaps = array_merge( (array) $this->allcaps, (array) $this->caps );
	}

	/**
	 * Add role to user.
	 *
	 * Updates the user's meta data option with capabilities and roles.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $role Role name.
	 */
	function add_role( $role ) {
		$this->caps[$role] = true;
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $this->cap_key, $this->caps );
		$this->get_role_caps();
		$this->update_user_level_from_caps();
	}

	/**
	 * Remove role from user.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $role Role name.
	 */
	function remove_role( $role ) {
		if ( empty( $this->roles[$role] ) || ( count( $this->roles ) <= 1 ) )
			return;
		unset( $this->caps[$role] );
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $this->cap_key, $this->caps );
		$this->get_role_caps();
	}

	/**
	 * Set the role of the user.
	 *
	 * This will remove the previous roles of the user and assign the user the
	 * new one. You can set the role to an empty string and it will remove all
	 * of the roles from the user.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $role Role name.
	 */
	function set_role( $role ) {
		foreach ( (array) $this->roles as $oldrole )
			unset( $this->caps[$oldrole] );
		if ( !empty( $role ) ) {
			$this->caps[$role] = true;
			$this->roles = array( $role => true );
		} else {
			$this->roles = false;
		}
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $this->cap_key, $this->caps );
		$this->get_role_caps();
		$this->update_user_level_from_caps();
	}

	/**
	 * Choose the maximum level the user has.
	 *
	 * Will compare the level from the $item parameter against the $max
	 * parameter. If the item is incorrect, then just the $max parameter value
	 * will be returned.
	 *
	 * Used to get the max level based on the capabilities the user has. This
	 * is also based on roles, so if the user is assigned the Administrator role
	 * then the capability 'level_10' will exist and the user will get that
	 * value.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param int $max Max level of user.
	 * @param string $item Level capability name.
	 * @return int Max Level.
	 */
	function level_reduction( $max, $item ) {
		if ( preg_match( '/^level_(10|[0-9])$/i', $item, $matches ) ) {
			$level = intval( $matches[1] );
			return max( $max, $level );
		} else {
			return $max;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Update the maximum user level for the user.
	 *
	 * Updates the 'user_level' user metadata (includes prefix that is the
	 * database table prefix) with the maximum user level. Gets the value from
	 * the all of the capabilities that the user has.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 */
	function update_user_level_from_caps() {
		global $wpdb;
		$this->user_level = array_reduce( array_keys( $this->allcaps ), array( &$this, 'level_reduction' ), 0 );
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $wpdb->prefix.'user_level', $this->user_level );
	}

	/**
	 * Add capability and grant or deny access to capability.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $cap Capability name.
	 * @param bool $grant Whether to grant capability to user.
	 */
	function add_cap( $cap, $grant = true ) {
		$this->caps[$cap] = $grant;
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $this->cap_key, $this->caps );
	}

	/**
	 * Remove capability from user.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $cap Capability name.
	 */
	function remove_cap( $cap ) {
		if ( empty( $this->caps[$cap] ) ) return;
		unset( $this->caps[$cap] );
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $this->cap_key, $this->caps );
	}

	/**
	 * Remove all of the capabilities of the user.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 */
	function remove_all_caps() {
		global $wpdb;
		$this->caps = array();
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $this->cap_key, '' );
		update_usermeta( $this->ID, $wpdb->prefix.'user_level', '' );
		$this->get_role_caps();
	}

	/**
	 * Whether user has capability or role name.
	 *
	 * This is useful for looking up whether the user has a specific role
	 * assigned to the user. The second optional parameter can also be used to
	 * check for capabilities against a specfic post.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string|int $cap Capability or role name to search.
	 * @param int $post_id Optional. Post ID to check capability against specific post.
	 * @return bool True, if user has capability; false, if user does not have capability.
	 */
	function has_cap( $cap ) {
		if ( is_numeric( $cap ) )
			$cap = $this->translate_level_to_cap( $cap );

		$args = array_slice( func_get_args(), 1 );
		$args = array_merge( array( $cap, $this->ID ), $args );
		$caps = call_user_func_array( 'map_meta_cap', $args );
		// Must have ALL requested caps
		$capabilities = apply_filters( 'user_has_cap', $this->allcaps, $caps, $args );
		foreach ( (array) $caps as $cap ) {
			//echo "Checking cap $cap<br />";
			if ( empty( $capabilities[$cap] ) || !$capabilities[$cap] )
				return false;
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Convert numeric level to level capability name.
	 *
	 * Prepends 'level_' to level number.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param int $level Level number, 1 to 10.
	 * @return string
	 */
	function translate_level_to_cap( $level ) {
		return 'level_' . $level;
	}

}

/**
 * Map meta capabilities to primitive capabilities.
 *
 * This does not actually compare whether the user ID has the actual capability,
 * just what the capability or capabilities are. Meta capability list value can
 * be 'delete_user', 'edit_user', 'delete_post', 'delete_page', 'edit_post',
 * 'edit_page', 'read_post', or 'read_page'.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $cap Capability name.
 * @param int $user_id User ID.
 * @return array Actual capabilities for meta capability.
 */
function map_meta_cap( $cap, $user_id ) {
	$args = array_slice( func_get_args(), 2 );
	$caps = array();

	switch ( $cap ) {
	case 'delete_user':
		$caps[] = 'delete_users';
		break;
	case 'edit_user':
		if ( !isset( $args[0] ) || $user_id != $args[0] ) {
			$caps[] = 'edit_users';
		}
		break;
	case 'delete_post':
		$author_data = get_userdata( $user_id );
		//echo "post ID: {$args[0]}<br />";
		$post = get_post( $args[0] );
		if ( 'page' == $post->post_type ) {
			$args = array_merge( array( 'delete_page', $user_id ), $args );
			return call_user_func_array( 'map_meta_cap', $args );
		}
		$post_author_data = get_userdata( $post->post_author );
		//echo "current user id : $user_id, post author id: " . $post_author_data->ID . "<br />";
		// If the user is the author...
		if ( $user_id == $post_author_data->ID ) {
			// If the post is published...
			if ( 'publish' == $post->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'delete_published_posts';
			else
				// If the post is draft...
				$caps[] = 'delete_posts';
		} else {
			// The user is trying to edit someone else's post.
			$caps[] = 'delete_others_posts';
			// The post is published, extra cap required.
			if ( 'publish' == $post->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'delete_published_posts';
			elseif ( 'private' == $post->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'delete_private_posts';
		}
		break;
	case 'delete_page':
		$author_data = get_userdata( $user_id );
		//echo "post ID: {$args[0]}<br />";
		$page = get_page( $args[0] );
		$page_author_data = get_userdata( $page->post_author );
		//echo "current user id : $user_id, page author id: " . $page_author_data->ID . "<br />";
		// If the user is the author...
		if ( $user_id == $page_author_data->ID ) {
			// If the page is published...
			if ( $page->post_status == 'publish' )
				$caps[] = 'delete_published_pages';
			else
				// If the page is draft...
				$caps[] = 'delete_pages';
		} else {
			// The user is trying to edit someone else's page.
			$caps[] = 'delete_others_pages';
			// The page is published, extra cap required.
			if ( $page->post_status == 'publish' )
				$caps[] = 'delete_published_pages';
			elseif ( $page->post_status == 'private' )
				$caps[] = 'delete_private_pages';
		}
		break;
		// edit_post breaks down to edit_posts, edit_published_posts, or
		// edit_others_posts
	case 'edit_post':
		$author_data = get_userdata( $user_id );
		//echo "post ID: {$args[0]}<br />";
		$post = get_post( $args[0] );
		if ( 'page' == $post->post_type ) {
			$args = array_merge( array( 'edit_page', $user_id ), $args );
			return call_user_func_array( 'map_meta_cap', $args );
		}
		$post_author_data = get_userdata( $post->post_author );
		//echo "current user id : $user_id, post author id: " . $post_author_data->ID . "<br />";
		// If the user is the author...
		if ( $user_id == $post_author_data->ID ) {
			// If the post is published...
			if ( 'publish' == $post->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'edit_published_posts';
			else
				// If the post is draft...
				$caps[] = 'edit_posts';
		} else {
			// The user is trying to edit someone else's post.
			$caps[] = 'edit_others_posts';
			// The post is published, extra cap required.
			if ( 'publish' == $post->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'edit_published_posts';
			elseif ( 'private' == $post->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'edit_private_posts';
		}
		break;
	case 'edit_page':
		$author_data = get_userdata( $user_id );
		//echo "post ID: {$args[0]}<br />";
		$page = get_page( $args[0] );
		$page_author_data = get_userdata( $page->post_author );
		//echo "current user id : $user_id, page author id: " . $page_author_data->ID . "<br />";
		// If the user is the author...
		if ( $user_id == $page_author_data->ID ) {
			// If the page is published...
			if ( 'publish' == $page->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'edit_published_pages';
			else
				// If the page is draft...
				$caps[] = 'edit_pages';
		} else {
			// The user is trying to edit someone else's page.
			$caps[] = 'edit_others_pages';
			// The page is published, extra cap required.
			if ( 'publish' == $page->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'edit_published_pages';
			elseif ( 'private' == $page->post_status )
				$caps[] = 'edit_private_pages';
		}
		break;
	case 'read_post':
		$post = get_post( $args[0] );
		if ( 'page' == $post->post_type ) {
			$args = array_merge( array( 'read_page', $user_id ), $args );
			return call_user_func_array( 'map_meta_cap', $args );
		}

		if ( 'private' != $post->post_status ) {
			$caps[] = 'read';
			break;
		}

		$author_data = get_userdata( $user_id );
		$post_author_data = get_userdata( $post->post_author );
		if ( $user_id == $post_author_data->ID )
			$caps[] = 'read';
		else
			$caps[] = 'read_private_posts';
		break;
	case 'read_page':
		$page = get_page( $args[0] );

		if ( 'private' != $page->post_status ) {
			$caps[] = 'read';
			break;
		}

		$author_data = get_userdata( $user_id );
		$page_author_data = get_userdata( $page->post_author );
		if ( $user_id == $page_author_data->ID )
			$caps[] = 'read';
		else
			$caps[] = 'read_private_pages';
		break;
	default:
		// If no meta caps match, return the original cap.
		$caps[] = $cap;
	}

	return apply_filters('map_meta_cap', $caps, $cap, $user_id, $args);
}

/**
 * Whether current user has capability or role.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $capability Capability or role name.
 * @return bool
 */
function current_user_can( $capability ) {
	$current_user = wp_get_current_user();

	if ( empty( $current_user ) )
		return false;

	$args = array_slice( func_get_args(), 1 );
	$args = array_merge( array( $capability ), $args );

	return call_user_func_array( array( &$current_user, 'has_cap' ), $args );
}

/**
 * Retrieve role object.
 *
 * @see WP_Roles::get_role() Uses method to retrieve role object.
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $role Role name.
 * @return object
 */
function get_role( $role ) {
	global $wp_roles;

	if ( ! isset( $wp_roles ) )
		$wp_roles = new WP_Roles();

	return $wp_roles->get_role( $role );
}

/**
 * Add role, if it does not exist.
 *
 * @see WP_Roles::add_role() Uses method to add role.
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $role Role name.
 * @param string $display_name Display name for role.
 * @param array $capabilities List of capabilities.
 * @return null|WP_Role WP_Role object if role is added, null if already exists.
 */
function add_role( $role, $display_name, $capabilities = array() ) {
	global $wp_roles;

	if ( ! isset( $wp_roles ) )
		$wp_roles = new WP_Roles();

	return $wp_roles->add_role( $role, $display_name, $capabilities );
}

/**
 * Remove role, if it exists.
 *
 * @see WP_Roles::remove_role() Uses method to remove role.
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $role Role name.
 * @return null
 */
function remove_role( $role ) {
	global $wp_roles;

	if ( ! isset( $wp_roles ) )
		$wp_roles = new WP_Roles();

	return $wp_roles->remove_role( $role );
}

?>
urn array Fixed array with all lowercase keys
 */
function wp_kses_array_lc($inarray) {
	$outarray = array ();

	foreach ( (array) $inarray as $inkey => $inval) {
		$outkey = strtolower($inkey);
		$outarray[$outkey] = array ();

		foreach ( (array) $inval as $inkey2 => $inval2) {
			$outkey2 = strtolower($inkey2);
			$outarray[$outkey][$outkey2] = $inval2;
		} # foreach $inval
	} # foreach $inarray

	return $outarray;
}

/**
 * Removes the HTML JavaScript entities found in early versions of Netscape 4.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $string
 * @return string
 */
function wp_kses_js_entities($string) {
	return preg_replace('%&\s*\{[^}]*(\}\s*;?|$)%', '', $string);
}

/**
 * Handles parsing errors in wp_kses_hair().
 *
 * The general plan is to remove everything to and including some whitespace,
 * but it deals with quotes and apostrophes as well.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $string
 * @return string
 */
function wp_kses_html_error($string) {
	return preg_replace('/^("[^"]*("|$)|\'[^\']*(\'|$)|\S)*\s*/', '', $string);
}

/**
 * Sanitizes content from bad protocols and other characters.
 *
 * This function searches for URL protocols at the beginning of $string, while
 * handling whitespace and HTML entities.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $string Content to check for bad protocols
 * @param string $allowed_protocols Allowed protocols
 * @return string Sanitized content
 */
function wp_kses_bad_protocol_once($string, $allowed_protocols) {
	global $_kses_allowed_protocols;
	$_kses_allowed_protocols = $allowed_protocols;

	$string2 = preg_split('/:|&#58;|&#x3a;/i', $string, 2);
	if ( isset($string2[1]) && !preg_match('%/\?%', $string2[0]) )
		$string = wp_kses_bad_protocol_once2($string2[0]) . trim($string2[1]);
	else
		$string = preg_replace_callback('/^((&[^;]*;|[\sA-Za-z0-9])*)'.'(:|&#58;|&#[Xx]3[Aa];)\s*/', 'wp_kses_bad_protocol_once2', $string);

	return $string;
}

/**
 * Callback for wp_kses_bad_protocol_once() regular expression.
 *
 * This function processes URL protocols, checks to see if they're in the
 * white-list or not, and returns different data depending on the answer.
 *
 * @access private
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param mixed $matches string or preg_replace_callback() matches array to check for bad protocols
 * @return string Sanitized content
 */
function wp_kses_bad_protocol_once2($matches) {
	global $_kses_allowed_protocols;

	if ( is_array($matches) ) {
		if ( ! isset($matches[1]) || empty($matches[1]) )
			return '';

		$string = $matches[1];
	} else {
		$string = $matches;
	}

	$string2 = wp_kses_decode_entities($string);
	$string2 = preg_replace('/\s/', '', $string2);
	$string2 = wp_kses_no_null($string2);
	$string2 = preg_replace('/\xad+/', '', $string2);
	# deals with Opera "feature"
	$string2 = strtolower($string2);

	$allowed = false;
	foreach ( (array) $_kses_allowed_protocols as $one_protocol)
		if (strtolower($one_protocol) == $string2) {
			$allowed = true;
			break;
		}

	if ($allowed)
		return "$string2:";
	else
		return '';
}

/**
 * Converts and fixes HTML entities.
 *
 * This function normalizes HTML entities. It will convert "AT&T" to the correct
 * "AT&amp;T", "&#00058;" to "&#58;", "&#XYZZY;" to "&amp;#XYZZY;" and so on.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $string Content to normalize entities
 * @return string Content with normalized entities
 */
function wp_kses_normalize_entities($string) {
	# Disarm all entities by converting & to &amp;

	$string = str_replace('&', '&amp;', $string);

	# Change back the allowed entities in our entity whitelist

	$string = preg_replace('/&amp;([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]{0,19});/', '&\\1;', $string);
	$string = preg_replace_callback('/&amp;#0*([0-9]{1,5});/', 'wp_kses_normalize_entities2', $string);
	$string = preg_replace_callback('/&amp;#([Xx])0*(([0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){1,2});/', 'wp_kses_normalize_entities3', $string);

	return $string;
}

/**
 * Callback for wp_kses_normalize_entities() regular expression.
 *
 * This function helps wp_kses_normalize_entities() to only accept 16 bit values
 * and nothing more for &#number; entities.
 *
 * @access private
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param array $matches preg_replace_callback() matches array
 * @return string Correctly encoded entity
 */
function wp_kses_normalize_entities2($matches) {
	if ( ! isset($matches[1]) || empty($matches[1]) )
		return '';

	$i = $matches[1];
	return ( ( ! valid_unicode($i) ) || ($i > 65535) ? "&amp;#$i;" : "&#$i;" );
}

/**
 * Callback for wp_kses_normalize_entities() for regular expression.
 *
 * This function helps wp_kses_normalize_entities() to only accept valid Unicode
 * numeric entities in hex form.
 *
 * @access private
 *
 * @param array $matches preg_replace_callback() matches array
 * @return string Correctly encoded entity
 */
function wp_kses_normalize_entities3($matches) {
	if ( ! isset($matches[2]) || empty($matches[2]) )
		return '';

	$hexchars = $matches[2];
	return ( ( ! valid_unicode(hexdec($hexchars)) ) ? "&amp;#x$hexchars;" : "&#x$hexchars;" );
}

/**
 * Helper function to determine if a Unicode value is valid.
 *
 * @param int $i Unicode value
 * @return bool true if the value was a valid Unicode number
 */
function valid_unicode($i) {
	return ( $i == 0x9 || $i == 0xa || $i == 0xd ||
			($i >= 0x20 && $i <= 0xd7ff) ||
			($i >= 0xe000 && $i <= 0xfffd) ||
			($i >= 0x10000 && $i <= 0x10ffff) );
}

/**
 * Convert all entities to their character counterparts.
 *
 * This function decodes numeric HTML entities (&#65; and &#x41;). It doesn't do
 * anything with other entities like &auml;, but we don't need them in the URL
 * protocol whitelisting system anyway.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $string Content to change entities
 * @return string Content after decoded entities
 */
function wp_kses_decode_entities($string) {
	$string = preg_replace_callback('/&#([0-9]+);/', create_function('$match', 'return chr($match[1]);'), $string);
	$string = preg_replace_callback('/&#[Xx]([0-9A-Fa-f]+);/', create_function('$match', 'return chr(hexdec($match[1]));'), $string);

	return $string;
}

/**
 * Sanitize content with allowed HTML Kses rules.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 * @uses $allowedtags
 *
 * @param string $data Content to filter
 * @return string Filtered content
 */
function wp_filter_kses($data) {
	global $allowedtags;
	return addslashes( wp_kses(stripslashes( $data ), $allowedtags) );
}

/**
 * Sanitize content for allowed HTML tags for post content.
 *
 * Post content refers to the page contents of the 'post' type and not $_POST
 * data from forms.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 * @uses $allowedposttags
 *
 * @param string $data Post content to filter
 * @return string Filtered post content with allowed HTML tags and attributes intact.
 */
function wp_filter_post_kses($data) {
	global $allowedposttags;
	return addslashes ( wp_kses(stripslashes( $data ), $allowedposttags) );
}

/**
 * Strips all of the HTML in the content.
 *
 * @since 2.1.0
 *
 * @param string $data Content to strip all HTML from
 * @return string Filtered content without any HTML
 */
function wp_filter_nohtml_kses($data) {
	return addslashes ( wp_kses(stripslashes( $data ), array()) );
}

/**
 * Adds all Kses input form content filters.
 *
 * All hooks have default priority. The wp_filter_kses() function is added to
 * the 'pre_comment_content' and 'title_save_pre' hooks.
 *
 * The wp_filter_post_kses() function is added to the 'content_save_pre',
 * 'excerpt_save_pre', and 'content_filtered_save_pre' hooks.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 * @uses add_filter() See description for what functions are added to what hooks.
 */
function kses_init_filters() {
	// Normal filtering.
	add_filter('pre_comment_content', 'wp_filter_kses');
	add_filter('title_save_pre', 'wp_filter_kses');

	// Post filtering
	add_filter('content_save_pre', 'wp_filter_post_kses');
	add_filter('excerpt_save_pre', 'wp_filter_post_kses');
	add_filter('content_filtered_save_pre', 'wp_filter_post_kses');
}

/**
 * Removes all Kses input form content filters.
 *
 * A quick procedural method to removing all of the filters that kses uses for
 * content in WordPress Loop.
 *
 * Does not remove the kses_init() function from 'init' hook (priority is
 * default). Also does not remove kses_init() function from 'set_current_user'
 * hook (priority is also default).
 *
 * @since 2.0.6
 */
function kses_remove_filters() {
	// Normal filtering.
	remove_filter('pre_comment_content', 'wp_filter_kses');
	remove_filter('title_save_pre', 'wp_filter_kses');

	// Post filtering
	remove_filter('content_save_pre', 'wp_filter_post_kses');
	remove_filter('excerpt_save_pre', 'wp_filter_post_kses');
	remove_filter('content_filtered_save_pre', 'wp_filter_post_kses');
}

/**
 * Sets up most of the Kses filters for input form content.
 *
 * If you remove the kses_init() function from 'init' hook and
 * 'set_current_user' (priority is default), then none of the Kses filter hooks
 * will be added.
 *
 * First removes all of the Kses filters in case the current user does not need
 * to have Kses filter the content. If the user does not have unfiltered html
 * capability, then Kses filters are added.
 *
 * @uses kses_remove_filters() Removes the Kses filters
 * @uses kses_init_filters() Adds the Kses filters back if the user
 *		does not have unfiltered HTML capability.
 * @since 2.0.0
 */
function kses_init() {
	kses_remove_filters();

	if (current_user_can('unfiltered_html') == false)
		kses_init_filters();
}

add_action('init', 'kses_init');
add_action('set_current_user', 'kses_init');

function safecss_filter_attr( $css, $deprecated = '' ) {
	$css = wp_kses_no_null($css);
	$css = str_replace(array("\n","\r","\t"), '', $css);

	if ( preg_match( '%[\\(&]|/\*%', $css ) ) // remove any inline css containing \ ( & or comments
		return '';

	$css_array = split( ';', trim( $css ) );
	$allowed_attr = apply_filters( 'safe_style_css', array( 'text-align', 'margin', 'color', 'float', 
	'border', 'background', 'background-color', 'border-bottom', 'border-bottom-color', 
	'border-bottom-style', 'border-bottom-width', 'border-collapse', 'border-color', 'border-left',
	'border-left-color', 'border-left-style', 'border-left-width', 'border-right', 'border-right-color', 
	'border-right-style', 'border-right-width', 'border-spacing', 'border-style', 'border-top', 
	'border-top-color', 'border-top-style', 'border-top-width', 'border-width', 'caption-side', 
	'clear', 'cursor', 'direction', 'font', 'font-family', 'font-size', 'font-style', 
	'font-variant', 'font-weight', 'height', 'letter-spacing', 'line-height', 'margin-bottom', 
	'margin-left', 'margin-right', 'margin-top', 'overflow', 'padding', 'padding-bottom', 
	'padding-left', 'padding-right', 'padding-top', 'text-decoration', 'text-indent', 'vertical-align', 
	'width' ) );

	if ( empty($allowed_attr) )
		return $css;

	$css = '';
	foreach ( $css_array as $css_item ) {
		if ( $css_item == '' )
			continue;
		$css_item = trim( $css_item );
		$found = false;
		if ( strpos( $css_item, ':' ) === false ) {
			$found = true;
		} else {
			$parts = split( ':', $css_item );
			if ( in_array( trim( $parts[0] ), $allowed_attr ) )
				$found = true;
		}
		if ( $found ) {
			if( $css != '' )
				$css .= ';';
			$css .= $css_item;
		}
	}

	return $css;
}
 string $wp_version
 */
$wp_version = '2.8.4';

/**
 * Holds the WordPress DB revision, increments when changes are made to the WordPress DB schema.
 *
 * @global int $wp_db_version
 */
$wp_db_version = 11548;

/**
 * Holds the TinyMCE version
 *
 * @global string $tinymce_version
 */
$tinymce_version = '3241-1141';

/**
 * Holds the cache manifest version
 *
 * @global string $manifest_version
 */
$manifest_version = '20090616';
;
		$this->weekday_initial[__('Friday')]    = __('F_Friday_initial');
		$this->weekday_initial[__('Saturday')]  = __('S_Saturday_initial');

		foreach ($this->weekday_initial as $weekday_ => $weekday_initial_) {
			$this->weekday_initial[$weekday_] = preg_replace('/_.+_initial$/', '', $weekday_initial_);
		}

		// Abbreviations for each day.
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Sunday')]    = __('Sun');
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Monday')]    = __('Mon');
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Tuesday')]   = __('Tue');
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Wednesday')] = __('Wed');
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Thursday')]  = __('Thu');
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Friday')]    = __('Fri');
		$this->weekday_abbrev[__('Saturday')]  = __('Sat');

		// The Months
		$this->month['01'] = __('January');
		$this->month['02'] = __('February');
		$this->month['03'] = __('March');
		$this->month['04'] = __('April');
		$this->month['05'] = __('May');
		$this->month['06'] = __('June');
		$this->month['07'] = __('July');
		$this->month['08'] = __('August');
		$this->month['09'] = __('September');
		$this->month['10'] = __('October');
		$this->month['11'] = __('November');
		$this->month['12'] = __('December');

		// Abbreviations for each month. Uses the same hack as above to get around the
		// 'May' duplication.
		$this->month_abbrev[__('January')] = __('Jan_January_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('February')] = __('Feb_February_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('March')] = __('Mar_March_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('April')] = __('Apr_April_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('May')] = __('May_May_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('June')] = __('Jun_June_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('July')] = __('Jul_July_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('August')] = __('Aug_August_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('September')] = __('Sep_September_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('October')] = __('Oct_October_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('November')] = __('Nov_November_abbreviation');
		$this->month_abbrev[__('December')] = __('Dec_December_abbreviation');

		foreach ($this->month_abbrev as $month_ => $month_abbrev_) {
			$this->month_abbrev[$month_] = preg_replace('/_.+_abbreviation$/', '', $month_abbrev_);
		}

		// The Meridiems
		$this->meridiem['am'] = __('am');
		$this->meridiem['pm'] = __('pm');
		$this->meridiem['AM'] = __('AM');
		$this->meridiem['PM'] = __('PM');

		// Numbers formatting
		// See http://php.net/number_format

		/* translators: $decimals argument for http://php.net/number_format, default is 0 */
		$trans = __('number_format_decimals');
		$this->number_format['decimals'] = ('number_format_decimals' == $trans) ? 0 : $trans;

		/* translators: $dec_point argument for http://php.net/number_format, default is . */
		$trans = __('number_format_decimal_point');
		$this->number_format['decimal_point'] = ('number_format_decimal_point' == $trans) ? '.' : $trans;

		/* translators: $thousands_sep argument for http://php.net/number_format, default is , */
		$trans = __('number_format_thousands_sep');
		$this->number_format['thousands_sep'] = ('number_format_thousands_sep' == $trans) ? ',' : $trans;

		// Import global locale vars set during inclusion of $locale.php.
		foreach ( (array) $this->locale_vars as $var ) {
			if ( isset($GLOBALS[$var]) )
				$this->$var = $GLOBALS[$var];
		}

	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the full translated weekday word.
	 *
	 * Week starts on translated Sunday and can be fetched
	 * by using 0 (zero). So the week starts with 0 (zero)
	 * and ends on Saturday with is fetched by using 6 (six).
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param int $weekday_number 0 for Sunday through 6 Saturday
	 * @return string Full translated weekday
	 */
	function get_weekday($weekday_number) {
		return $this->weekday[$weekday_number];
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the translated weekday initial.
	 *
	 * The weekday initial is retrieved by the translated
	 * full weekday word. When translating the weekday initial
	 * pay attention to make sure that the starting letter does
	 * not conflict.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $weekday_name
	 * @return string
	 */
	function get_weekday_initial($weekday_name) {
		return $this->weekday_initial[$weekday_name];
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the translated weekday abbreviation.
	 *
	 * The weekday abbreviation is retrieved by the translated
	 * full weekday word.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $weekday_name Full translated weekday word
	 * @return string Translated weekday abbreviation
	 */
	function get_weekday_abbrev($weekday_name) {
		return $this->weekday_abbrev[$weekday_name];
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the full translated month by month number.
	 *
	 * The $month_number parameter has to be a string
	 * because it must have the '0' in front of any number
	 * that is less than 10. Starts from '01' and ends at
	 * '12'.
	 *
	 * You can use an integer instead and it will add the
	 * '0' before the numbers less than 10 for you.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string|int $month_number '01' through '12'
	 * @return string Translated full month name
	 */
	function get_month($month_number) {
		return $this->month[zeroise($month_number, 2)];
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve translated version of month abbreviation string.
	 *
	 * The $month_name parameter is expected to be the translated or
	 * translatable version of the month.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $month_name Translated month to get abbreviated version
	 * @return string Translated abbreviated month
	 */
	function get_month_abbrev($month_name) {
		return $this->month_abbrev[$month_name];
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve translated version of meridiem string.
	 *
	 * The $meridiem parameter is expected to not be translated.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $meridiem Either 'am', 'pm', 'AM', or 'PM'. Not translated version.
	 * @return string Translated version
	 */
	function get_meridiem($meridiem) {
		return $this->meridiem[$meridiem];
	}

	/**
	 * Global variables are deprecated. For backwards compatibility only.
	 *
	 * @deprecated For backwards compatibility only.
	 * @access private
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 */
	function register_globals() {
		$GLOBALS['weekday']         = $this->weekday;
		$GLOBALS['weekday_initial'] = $this->weekday_initial;
		$GLOBALS['weekday_abbrev']  = $this->weekday_abbrev;
		$GLOBALS['month']           = $this->month;
		$GLOBALS['month_abbrev']    = $this->month_abbrev;
	}

	/**
	 * PHP4 style constructor which calls helper methods to set up object variables
	 *
	 * @uses WP_Locale::init()
	 * @uses WP_Locale::register_globals()
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 *
	 * @return WP_Locale
	 */
	function WP_Locale() {
		$this->init();
		$this->register_globals();
	}
}

?>
s" folder in WPINC.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 */
	if ( file_exists(WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/languages') && @is_dir(WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/languages') ) {
		define('WP_LANG_DIR', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/languages'); // no leading slash, no trailing slash, full path, not relative to ABSPATH
		if (!defined('LANGDIR')) {
			// Old static relative path maintained for limited backwards compatibility - won't work in some cases
			define('LANGDIR', 'wp-content/languages');
		}
	} else {
		define('WP_LANG_DIR', ABSPATH . WPINC . '/languages'); // no leading slash, no trailing slash, full path, not relative to ABSPATH
		if (!defined('LANGDIR')) {
			// Old relative path maintained for backwards compatibility
			define('LANGDIR', WPINC . '/languages');
		}
	}
}

require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/compat.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/functions.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/classes.php');

require_wp_db();

if ( !empty($wpdb->error) )
	dead_db();

/**
 * Format specifiers for DB columns. Columns not listed here default to %s.
 * @since 2.8.0
 * @see wpdb:$field_types
 * @see wpdb:prepare()
 * @see wpdb:insert()
 * @see wpdb:update()
 */
$wpdb->field_types = array( 'post_author' => '%d', 'post_parent' => '%d', 'menu_order' => '%d', 'term_id' => '%d', 'term_group' => '%d', 'term_taxonomy_id' => '%d',
	'parent' => '%d', 'count' => '%d','object_id' => '%d', 'term_order' => '%d', 'ID' => '%d', 'commment_ID' => '%d', 'comment_post_ID' => '%d', 'comment_parent' => '%d',
	'user_id' => '%d', 'link_id' => '%d', 'link_owner' => '%d', 'link_rating' => '%d', 'option_id' => '%d', 'blog_id' => '%d', 'meta_id' => '%d', 'post_id' => '%d',
	'user_status' => '%d', 'umeta_id' => '%d', 'comment_karma' => '%d', 'comment_count' => '%d');

$prefix = $wpdb->set_prefix($table_prefix);

if ( is_wp_error($prefix) )
	wp_die(/*WP_I18N_BAD_PREFIX*/'<strong>ERROR</strong>: <code>$table_prefix</code> in <code>wp-config.php</code> can only contain numbers, letters, and underscores.'/*/WP_I18N_BAD_PREFIX*/);

/**
 * Copy an object.
 *
 * Returns a cloned copy of an object.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 *
 * @param object $object The object to clone
 * @return object The cloned object
 */
function wp_clone( $object ) {
	static $can_clone;
	if ( !isset( $can_clone ) ) {
		$can_clone = version_compare( phpversion(), '5.0', '>=' );
	}
	return $can_clone ? clone( $object ) : $object;
}

if ( file_exists(WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/object-cache.php') ) {
	require_once (WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/object-cache.php');
	$_wp_using_ext_object_cache = true;
} else {
	require_once (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/cache.php');
	$_wp_using_ext_object_cache = false;
}

wp_cache_init();
if ( function_exists('wp_cache_add_global_groups') ) {
	wp_cache_add_global_groups(array ('users', 'userlogins', 'usermeta'));
	wp_cache_add_non_persistent_groups(array( 'comment', 'counts', 'plugins' ));
}

require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/plugin.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/default-filters.php');
include_once(ABSPATH . WPINC . '/pomo/mo.php');
require_once (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/l10n.php');

if ( !is_blog_installed() && (strpos($_SERVER['PHP_SELF'], 'install.php') === false && !defined('WP_INSTALLING')) ) {
	if ( defined('WP_SITEURL') )
		$link = WP_SITEURL . '/wp-admin/install.php';
	elseif (strpos($_SERVER['PHP_SELF'], 'wp-admin') !== false)
		$link = preg_replace('|/wp-admin/?.*?$|', '/', $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']) . 'wp-admin/install.php';
	else
		$link = preg_replace('|/[^/]+?$|', '/', $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']) . 'wp-admin/install.php';
	require_once(ABSPATH . WPINC . '/kses.php');
	require_once(ABSPATH . WPINC . '/pluggable.php');
	require_once(ABSPATH . WPINC . '/formatting.php');
	wp_redirect($link);
	die(); // have to die here ~ Mark
}

require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/formatting.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/capabilities.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/query.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/theme.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/user.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/general-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/link-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/author-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/post.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/post-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/category.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/category-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/comment.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/comment-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/rewrite.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/feed.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/bookmark.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/bookmark-template.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/kses.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/cron.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/version.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/deprecated.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/script-loader.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/taxonomy.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/update.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/canonical.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/shortcodes.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/media.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/http.php');
require (ABSPATH . WPINC . '/widgets.php');

if ( !defined('WP_CONTENT_URL') )
	define( 'WP_CONTENT_URL', get_option('siteurl') . '/wp-content'); // full url - WP_CONTENT_DIR is defined further up

/**
 * Allows for the plugins directory to be moved from the default location.
 *
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
if ( !defined('WP_PLUGIN_DIR') )
	define( 'WP_PLUGIN_DIR', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/plugins' ); // full path, no trailing slash

/**
 * Allows for the plugins directory to be moved from the default location.
 *
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
if ( !defined('WP_PLUGIN_URL') )
	define( 'WP_PLUGIN_URL', WP_CONTENT_URL . '/plugins' ); // full url, no trailing slash

/**
 * Allows for the plugins directory to be moved from the default location.
 *
 * @since 2.1.0
 */
if ( !defined('PLUGINDIR') )
	define( 'PLUGINDIR', 'wp-content/plugins' ); // Relative to ABSPATH.  For back compat.

/**
 * Allows for the mu-plugins directory to be moved from the default location.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 */
if ( !defined('WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR') )
	define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/mu-plugins' ); // full path, no trailing slash

/**
 * Allows for the mu-plugins directory to be moved from the default location.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 */
if ( !defined('WPMU_PLUGIN_URL') )
	define( 'WPMU_PLUGIN_URL', WP_CONTENT_URL . '/mu-plugins' ); // full url, no trailing slash

/**
 * Allows for the mu-plugins directory to be moved from the default location.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 */
if ( !defined( 'MUPLUGINDIR' ) )
	define( 'MUPLUGINDIR', 'wp-content/mu-plugins' ); // Relative to ABSPATH.  For back compat.

if ( is_dir( WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR ) ) {
	if ( $dh = opendir( WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR ) ) {
		while ( ( $plugin = readdir( $dh ) ) !== false ) {
			if ( substr( $plugin, -4 ) == '.php' ) {
				include_once( WPMU_PLUGIN_DIR . '/' . $plugin );
			}
		}
	}
}
do_action('muplugins_loaded');

/**
 * Used to guarantee unique hash cookies
 * @since 1.5
 */
define('COOKIEHASH', md5(get_option('siteurl')));

/**
 * Should be exactly the same as the default value of SECRET_KEY in wp-config-sample.php
 * @since 2.5.0
 */
$wp_default_secret_key = 'put your unique phrase here';

/**
 * It is possible to define this in wp-config.php
 * @since 2.0.0
 */
if ( !defined('USER_COOKIE') )
	define('USER_COOKIE', 'wordpressuser_' . COOKIEHASH);

/**
 * It is possible to define this in wp-config.php
 * @since 2.0.0
 */
if ( !defined('PASS_COOKIE') )
	define('PASS_COOKIE', 'wordpresspass_' . COOKIEHASH);

/**
 * It is possible to define this in wp-config.php
 * @since 2.5.0
 */
if ( !defined('AUTH_COOKIE') )
	define('AUTH_COOKIE', 'wordpress_' . COOKIEHASH);

/**
 * It is possible to define this in wp-config.php
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
if ( !defined('SECURE_AUTH_COOKIE') )
	define('SECURE_AUTH_COOKIE', 'wordpress_sec_' . COOKIEHASH);

/**
 * It is possible to define this in wp-config.php
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<h1 id="header"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231">Business Communication (Fall 2005)</a></h1>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-12"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=12" rel="bookmark">Notes and Activities for August 31</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p>Today we&#8217;ll be:</p>
<p>1) Setting up the laptops and connecting to the wireless network.</p>
<p>2) Talking about the Recommendation Report Project, which consists of:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Observing communication practices<br />
<LI>Talking to people within an organization or group<br />
<LI>Identifying a specific issue or problem<br />
<LI>Researching the issue and possible solutions<br />
<LI>Making recommendations to solve the problem</ul>
<p>Possible recommendations which your group could make : improvements to communication practices, adopting new or changed communication practices (Web site, online communication, print materials, etc), developing materials for specific audiences</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Examining how the Niagara English Department communicates with its majors<br />
<LI>English Department faculty and majors: observed and interviewed<br />
<LI>Majors feel as if they are missing information and missing a sense of community with each other and with faculty<br />
<LI>Recommendations: add more information to Web site, provide online communication options, start a club or series for English majors</ul>
<p>For next Wednesday: think of possible groups or organizations with which you would like to work and send a list to the instructor by e-mail</p>
<p>3) Reviewing the <a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/index.php?p=11">guidelines</a> for the Job Search project.</p>
<p>4) Discussing your majors and possible jobs that you&#8217;re interested in pursuing.</p>
<p>5) Completing <a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/files/eng231jobdesc.doc">job skills/tasks inventory</a> (on laptops) and e-mailing the results to the instructor.
</p>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-11"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=11" rel="bookmark">Searching for a Job or Internship: Assignment Guidelines</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Description</strong></p>
<p>An important part of business communication is being able to communicate effectively in the job search. After all, if you can’t get a job, you can’t conduct any business communication! </p>
<p>This project will require you to:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Identify a type of job or internship for which you are qualified and would like to have<br />
<LI>Research and analyze advertisements for jobs or internships and discuss their common features<br />
<LI>Locate a specific job for which you will apply<br />
<LI>Create a resume tailored to the needs of your field and the needs of a specific position<br />
<LI>Research and write a cover letter applying for a specific position</ul>
<p>You will submit drafts of each component of the project to the instructor and to the class, and receive oral and written feedback to help you revise. Then you’ll submit a portfolio which contains the final versions of your job ad analysis, resume, and cover letter. </p>
<p><strong>Deliverables</strong></p>
<p>This project will require you to create three documents. </p>
<p><strong>Job Ad Analysis</strong></p>
<p>You will write a 2-3 page (double spaced) analysis where you:</p>
<p><UL><LI>compare and contrast two advertisements for jobs or internships for which you would be qualified<br />
<LI>explain how the advertisements use language or concepts specific to your field<br />
<LI>discuss possible meanings for any vague language in the advertisements (for example: what do you think they mean by “Excellent professional communication skills”?)<br />
<LI>explain what skills you have that qualify you for the positions</ul>
<p>The first draft of the Job Ad Analysis will be due on September 12. </p>
<p><strong>Resume</strong></p>
<p>You will create a one page resume that:
<br />
<UL><LI>presents your work experience, educational experience, skills, and contact information in an appropriate resume format (functional, chronological, or mixed)<br />
<LI>is tailored to the requirements for a specific position and makes an argument for your suitability for that position<br />
<LI>is formatted according to appropriate conventions for your field of employment<br />
<LI>uses conventions of document design (such as headings and spacing) to present information effectively on one page</ul>
<p>The first draft of the resume will be due on September 14. </p>
<p><strong>Cover Letter</strong></p>
<p>You will write a 1-2 page cover letter which:</p>
<p><UL><LI>applies for a real position<br />
<LI>demonstrates that you have researched the company or organization and know your audience<br />
<LI>uses appropriate tone and style<br />
<LI>is formatted according to conventions for cover letters</ul>
<p>The first draft of the cover letter will be due on September 21.</p>
<p><strong>Portfolio</strong></p>
<p>Finally, you’ll submit a portfolio which contains the revised versions of your job ad analysis, resume, and cover letter on October 3rd. </p>
<p><strong>Grading Criteria</strong></p>
<p>Each element in your portfolio will be graded separately, but you will also be graded on how well your resume and cover letter work together to make a persuasive case for your employment. </p>
<p>The portfolio will be graded on how well you:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Research and analyze the job advertisements<br />
<LI>Demonstrate an understanding of the conventions for job ads, resumes, and cover letters<br />
<LI>Use research and course material to shape the content and format of your job documents</ul>
<p>Grading rubrics will be returned with the portfolio which explain the specific criteria used to grade each assignment.  You can earn a total of 200 points for this assignment.<br />
Learning Objectives</p>
<p>This project will help you accomplish the following learning objectives for the course: </p>
<p><UL><LI>Identify needs for information in business communication:  Determine what information you need to find a job and what information your audience needs to know about you.<br />
<LI>Access information: Research job opportunities and companies to which you will apply.<br />
<LI>Evaluate information: Analyze job ads and evaluate the information they provide; provide feedback on how your peers use information.<br />
<LI>Use information: learn how your field presents information in job documents;  plan, draft, revise, and edit an analysis, a resume and a cover letter; create effective document designs for your resume and cover letter. </ul>
<p><strong>Due Dates</strong></p>
<p>First Draft of Job Ad Analysis: September 12<BR><br />
First Draft of Resume: September 19<BR><br />
First Draft of Cover Letter: September 21<BR><br />
Job Portfolio (Final Versions of Analysis, Resume, Cover Letter): October 3</p>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-10"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=10" rel="bookmark">Weekly Agenda for August 29-September 2</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Monday, August 29</strong></p>
<p>Today we’ll go over the syllabus and structure of the course and talk about different aspects of business communication. </p>
<p><em>Assignments For Next Class</em></p>
<p><UL><LI>Purchase textbook.<br />
<LI>Take online tests that identify your skills and interests:</p>
<blockquote><p><a href="http://www.careerkey.org/cgi-bin/ck.pl?action=choices" title="The Career Key Test">The Career Key Test </a><br />
<a href="http://www.princetonreview.com/cte/quiz/default.asp?menuID=0&#038;careers=6" title="The Princeton Review Career Quiz">The Princeton Review Career Quiz</a></p></blockquote>
<p><LI>Bring your interest inventory results to class. </UL></p>
<p><strong>Wednesday, August 31</strong></p>
<p>Today we’ll discuss the requirements for the job search project and talk briefly about the other projects for the course. We’ll then use your interest inventories to begin talking about the job search. </p>
<p><em>Assignments For Next Class </em></p>
<p><UL><LI>Work through “<a href="http://www.careerkey.org/english/you/your_skills.html">Identifying Your Skills</a>” site and use its questions to make a list of skills that you possess.<br />
<LI>Bring list of skills that you possess to class.<br />
<LI>Read 233-243 in textbook; do self-inventory on pp. 276-278. Bring to class.<br />
<LI>E-mail the instructor with two possible groups, workplaces, or organizations that could serve as clients for the recommendation report.
</ul>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-9"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=9" rel="bookmark">Course and Instructor Information</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Course Information</strong></p>
<p>ENG 231A, MW 2:30-3:50 p.m., VINI 205</p>
<p><strong>Instructor Information</strong></p>
<p>Dr. Erin Karper || <a href="mailto:ekarper@niagara.edu">ekarper@niagara.edu</a> || AIM: ProfKarper || Office: Dunleavy 350 ||<br />
Office Phone: 286-8631 || Office Hours: MWF 12:30-2:00 p.m.; MW 4:30-5:30 p.m., by appointment
</p>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-8"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=8" rel="bookmark">Course Description</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p>“A basic course in organizational communication theory and practice. Communication is viewed as a behavioral science involving interaction between the message sender and the audience. Emphasis is on practical techniques of professional communication. Prerequisite: WRT 100 or permission of instructor.” (Undergraduate Catalog)</p>
<p><strong>General Curriculum Goals </strong></p>
<p>This course meets the following goals for the English department and the Writing Studies minor. </p>
<p><strong>English Department Goals</strong></p>
<p>The department seeks to provide students with the ability to convey ideas with clarity and power in oral and written formats, using style and organizational strategies suited to the audience, the subject matter, and the rhetorical purpose. Students develop and practice these skills by reading, analyzing, and critiquing, in both oral and written formats, a wide variety of texts: literature; literary criticism and theory; and business, technical, and government documents.</p>
<p><strong>Writing Studies Minor Goals </strong></p>
<p>This minor is intended not only to strengthen writing instruction across the disciplines, but also to responsibly prepare students for the steadily increasing number of specialized writing positions in governmental agencies, industry and nonprofit organizations. Students who complete courses in this minor will gain experience writing in technologically intensive and collaborative settings.</p>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-7"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=7" rel="bookmark">Course Objectives and Method of Instruction</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p>After completing this course, you will be able to: </p>
<p>Identify needs for information in business communication:<br />
<UL><LI>explore consequential issues in workplace settings<br />
<LI>analyze workplace audiences and their information needs<br />
<LI>determine appropriate genres for various communicative purposes<br />
<LI>make plans for gathering appropriate information to complete a work project
</ul>
<p>Access information:<br />
<UL><LI>design appropriate research strategies (Web, print, field research) based on the purpose, audience, and context for a project<br />
<LI>conduct library, online, and field research to meet your information needs 
</ul>
<p>Evaluate information:<br />
<UL><LI>assess the credibility and relevance of data gathered<br />
<LI>provide oral and written feedback on the use of information in various documents, including your peers’ documents
</ul>
<p>Use information:<br />
<UL><LI>learn how workplaces use information for various purposes<br />
<LI>present appropriate information in written, visual, and oral formats<br />
<LI>plan, draft, revise, and edit a variety of workplace-specific documents<br />
<LI>work individually and collaboratively to create documents<br />
<LI>develop effective style and tone for business communication<br />
<LI>create usable and visually effective document designs
</ul>
<p>Attribute information:<br />
<UL><LI>learn how information is attributed in different genres of business writing<br />
<LI>use appropriate documentation strategies to attribute research in your work<br />
<LI>write ethically and responsibly as a member of an organization and society
</ul>
<p>To help you achieve these goals, a variety of methods will be used: lecture, presentations, readings, analyses, and individual and collaborative work in and outside of class. I encourage you to meet with me in one-to-one conferences outside of class, and you can expect written commentary on drafts of each major assignment to guide your revision process.</p>
<p>You will be expected to work individually on two projects and collaboratively on the final project. When you work collaboratively, you will be expected to evaluate the performance of your group members as well as to notify the instructor of any difficulties your group is experiencing.
</p>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-6"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=6" rel="bookmark">Description of Assignments</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p>This course will have three major projects. Each project will have multiple components, which will be graded separately as part of the project. </p>
<p><strong>Searching for a Job or Internship (200/1000 points)</strong></p>
<p>This project will require you to:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Identify a type of job or internship for which you are qualified and would like to have<br />
<LI>Research, locate and analyze advertisements for jobs or internships and discuss their common features<br />
<LI>Locate a specific job for which you will apply<br />
<LI>Create a resume or vita tailored to the needs of your field and the needs of a specific position<br />
<LI>Research and write a cover letter applying for a specific position</ul>
<p><strong>Documenting a Process (250/1000 points)</strong></p>
<p>This project will require you to:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Identify a process or event in your personal, social, or professional life that needs to be documented<br />
<LI>Create detailed written and visual documentation that explains the process at an audience-appropriate level<br />
<LI>Test the documentation with your target audience and revise it based on the results of your testing<br />
<LI>Produce a print or electronic version of your documentation (depending on the needs of your audience)
</ul>
<p><strong>Creating a Recommendation Report for a Client (450/1000 points)</strong></p>
<p>This project will require you to:<br />
<UL><LI>Work collaboratively in a group of your peers both in and out of class to complete all aspects of this project<br />
<LI>Identify a client (on or off campus) and receive permission to study their communication practices and issues<br />
<LI>Observe and research the client’s communication practices<br />
<LI>Identify a communication problem or communication need that the client is having<br />
<LI>Conduct research on how to best solve this communication problem or need<br />
<LI>Create a recommendation report (8-10 pages) that describes the organizational problem or need, your research, and your proposed action plan<br />
<LI>Present your findings in a 15-20 minute oral presentation
</ul>
<p><P><br />
You will also be graded on your participation in class discussions, group work, and other activities that are part of the course. Group evaluations will be used to determine whether individuals deserve a full share of the group grade.  <strong>All assignments must be completed to pass the course.</P> </strong>
</p>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-5"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=5" rel="bookmark">Grading Scale and Grading Criteria</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Grading Scale </strong></p>
<p>You can earn a maximum of 1000 points in this class. The thousand points will then be converted into a letter grade based on Niagara’s grading scale. </p>
<p><strong>Point Breakdown</strong></p>
<p><UL><LI>Searching for a Job or Internship: 200 points<br />
<LI>Documenting a Process: 250 points<br />
<LI>Creating a Recommendation Report:  450 points<br />
<LI>Class Participation: 100 points
</ul>
<p><strong>Point Conversion Scale</strong></p>
<p><UL><LI>A+: 970-1000 points<br />
<LI>A: 930-969 points<br />
<LI>A-: 900-929 points<br />
<LI>B+: 870-899 points<br />
<LI>B: 830-869 points<br />
<LI>B-: 800-829 points<br />
<LI>C+: 770-799 points<br />
<LI>C: 730-769 points<br />
<LI>C-: 700-729 points<br />
<LI>D+: 670-699 points<br />
<LI>D: 630-669 points<br />
<LI>D-: 600-629 points<br />
<LI>F: below 600 points</ul>
<p><strong>Grading Criteria</strong></p>
<p>Specific grading rubrics will be given out with the final version of each assignment which explain the exact criteria for that specific assignment. In general, though, your assignments will be graded based on:<br />
<UL><LI>how well you fulfill the specific criteria for the assignment<br />
<LI>how well you demonstrate information literacy skills (identifying a need for information, accessing information, using information, evaluating information, attributing information)<br />
<LI>how well you pay attention to the needs of your audience and the purpose and context for writing or speaking<br />
<LI>how well you pay attention to the conventions for the genre(s) you are using<br />
<LI>how well you pay attention to higher-order concerns in writing including audience, organization, structure, focus, and genre conventions<br />
<LI>how well you pay attention to lower-order concerns in writing, including style, tone, grammar, spelling, punctuation, and usage
</ul>
<p> If you have questions about your grade or about grading policies, please see the instructor after class or during office hours. The instructor will not discuss your grade with anyone but you.</P>
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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-4"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=4" rel="bookmark">Required Texts and Technologies</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Required Texts</strong></p>
<p>Cunningham, Donald, Smith, Elizabeth, and Thomas E. Pearsall. <em>How to Write for the World of Work (7th ed)</em>. Thomson/Wadsworth: 2005. ISBN: 1413001947. </p>
<p>Other readings as assigned in class (either given out in class or available online)</p>
<p><strong>Required Technology</strong></p>
<p>To accomplish the goals of this course, you will need the following:</p>
<p><UL><LI>Access to a computer with word processing software, document design software, visual design software, and oral presentation design software for creating course documents and presentations<br />
<LI>Access to the World Wide Web and other Internet resources for conducting research for course projects<br />
<LI>Access to e-mail for course communication</ul>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-3"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=3" rel="bookmark">Course Policies</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Late Work</strong><br />
<P><br />
You are expected to turn assignments in on the date they are due. Assignments that are turned in between one (1) and five (5) days late will receive a deduction of ten (10) points for each day that they are late. After five days, an assignment will no longer be accepted and you will receive zero points for the assignment.<br />
<P><br />
If you need to renegotiate a deadline for personal reasons, please consult the instructor as far in advance as possible.<br />
<P><br />
<strong>Academic Honesty</strong><br />
<P><br />
According to the Niagara University Undergraduate Catalog:</p>
<blockquote><p><P>The integrity of an academic community necessitates the full and correct citation of ideas, methodologies, and research findings to the appropriate source. This is necessary to protect the original work, whether it is found in reference material, other published matter, or unpublished communication from faculty, other scholars, and fellow students. In addition, each student can promote academic honesty by protecting his or her work from inappropriate use. Academic honesty is essential to ensure the validity of the grading system and to maintain a high standard of academic excellence. The principal violations of academic honesty are cheating and plagiarism.</P></p>
<p>
Cheating includes the unauthorized use of certain materials, information, or devices in writing examinations, or in preparing papers or other assignments. Any student who aids another student in such dishonesty is also guilty of cheating. Other possible forms of cheating include submitting the same work in more than one class without permission, and fabricating or altering references or actual research results.</P><br />
<P><br />
Plagiarism is the presentation of ideas, words, and opinions of someone else as one’s own work. The offense does not extend solely to directly quoted materials presented without documentation. Paraphrased material, even if rendered in the student’s own words, must be attributed to the originator of the thought. Furthermore, if the student adopts a line of reasoning or a point of view adopted or derived from the work of another, such adoption or derivation must also be properly acknowledged. (pp. 44-45)</p>
</blockquote>
<p>In this course, you will be working with the words, ideas, and works of others quite often. Part of that work will be learning how to correctly credit the originators of the works you use. However, if you ever have a question about how to properly use these works, please ask the instructor or make an appointment with the Writing Center.<br />
<P><br />
Instances of academic dishonesty will be dealt with following the policies and procedures laid out on page 45 of the Undergraduate Catalog.<br />
<P><br />
<strong>Technology Use</strong><br />
<P><br />
As part of your work in this course, you will be expected to use technologies in conducting research and producing writing.  Also, information about assignments, deadlines, and other course information will be disseminated through the course Web site.<br />
<P><br />
Throughout the course, you will be expected to:<br />
<UL><LI>Check the course Web site at least twice a week for information about course projects, deadlines, and other course information.<br />
<LI>Use e-mail and other forms of online communication to communicate with the instructor and your classmates when necessary.<br />
<LI>Use various types of software, including word processors, page design software, and presentation design software to complete course projects.<br />
<LI>Be willing to get help from the instructor or other campus resources to use technologies for course projects and other coursework.<br />
<LI>Pay attention to standards for written English when using computers for communication. This includes using correct grammar, spelling and punctuation in all communications to your instructor and classmates as well as avoiding netspeak-based substitutions such as “u” for “you.”<br />
<LI>Use technologies respectfully and appropriately. This includes complying with Niagara’s Acceptable Use Policies for use of computers and Internet service as explained in the Student Technology Handbook, and also being respectful of the instructor and your fellow classmates.
</ul>

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	 <h3 class="storytitle" id="post-2"><a href="http://www.karper-crain.net/courses/eng231/?p=2" rel="bookmark">Additional Information</a></h3>
	

	<div class="storycontent">

		<p><strong>Writing Center Support</strong></p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.niagara.edu/writingcenter">Writing Center</a>, in the Seton Presidential Lounge, offers free tutoring in writing for students who want or need extra help. You can make an appointment to see a tutor by calling 286-8075. All writers benefit from additional feedback on their work; visiting the Writing Center is not a punishment nor an indication of weakness. </p>
<p><strong>Students With Disabilities</strong></p>
<p>Students with documented disabilities who may need accommodations, who have any emergency medical information the instructor should know about, or who need special arrangements in the event of an evacuation, should make an appointment to see the instructor as early as possible in the semester, preferably no later than the first week. Students must also register with Diane Stoelting, Coordinator of Specialized Support Services (286-8076, ds@niagara.edu) in order to facilitate the provision of needed accommodations.</p>
<p><strong>Counseling Services and Academic Support</strong></p>
<p>The staff of the office of counseling services in the lower level of Seton Hall and the Academic Support staff in the Learning Center in Seton Hall are available to help students manage the stresses of university life. All private consultations are confidential and free of charge. Appointments can be scheduled by calling 286-8536 (Counseling) or 286-8072 (Office of Academic Support).</p>

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